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PHP访问MySql数据库中级篇 Smarty技术

2014-09-05

阅读本文之前，推荐先参阅《PHP访问MySql数据库初级篇》。

Smarty是一个使用PHP语言写出来的模板引擎，是目前业界最著名的PHP模板引擎之一。它分离了逻辑代码和外在的内容，将原本与HTML代码混杂在一起PHP代码进行了分离。从而使PHP程序员同网站的前端程序员可以达到良好的分工——PHP程序员改变程序的逻辑内容不会影响到前端人员的页面设计，前端人员重新修改页面的样式也不会影响到程序的程序逻辑，这使得多人合作的项目变得尤为轻松和易于管理维护。正因为Smarty有这么多的优点，所以国内各大公司在网站编程时均采用这种编程方法。Smarty的手册可以访问http://www.smarty.net/docs/en/index.tpl。

下面是Smarty程序的一个小范例，功能上与初级篇相同——从MySql的test数据库中的t_student读取数据然后显示。程序共分为5个文件，分别为smarty2.php、smarty2.html、smarty2_head.php、smarty2.js和smarty2.css。此外程序要引用Smarty和JQuery的库文件。

1．smarty2_head.php文件

<?php
// by MoreWindows( http://www.zhishiwu.com )

define(DB_HOST, 'localhost');
define(DB_USER, 'root');
define(DB_PASS, '111111');
define(DB_DATABASENAME, 'test');
define(DB_TABLENAME, 't_student');

$dbcolarray = array('id', 'name', 'age');
?>
<?php
// by MoreWindows( http://www.zhishiwu.com )

define(DB_HOST, 'localhost');
define(DB_USER, 'root');
define(DB_PASS, '111111');
define(DB_DATABASENAME, 'test');
define(DB_TABLENAME, 't_student');

$dbcolarray = array('id', 'name', 'age');
?>
2．smarty2.php文件

<?php
// by MoreWindows( http://www.zhishiwu.com )

header("Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8");
require('../../smart_libs/Smarty.class.php');
require_once('smarty2_head.php');
date_default_timezone_set("PRC");

//mysql_connect
$conn = mysql_connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASS) or die("connect failed" . mysql_error());
mysql_select_db(DB_DATABASENAME, $conn);

//表中记录条数
$sql = sprintf("select count(*) from %s", DB_TABLENAME);
$result = mysql_query($sql, $conn);
if ($result)
{
    $dbcount = mysql_fetch_row($result);
    $tpl_db_count = $dbcount[0];
}
else
{
    die("query failed");
}

//表头
$tpl_db_coltitle = $dbcolarray;

//表中的内容
$tpl_db_rows = array();
$sql = sprintf("select %s from %s", implode(",",$dbcolarray), DB_TABLENAME);
$result = mysql_query($sql, $conn);
while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_ASSOC))//与$row=mysql_fetch_assoc($result)等价
    $tpl_db_rows[] = $row;

mysql_free_result($result);
mysql_close($conn);

$tpl = new Smarty;
$tpl->assign('db_count', $tpl_db_count);
$tpl->assign('db_coltitle', $tpl_db_coltitle);
$tpl->assign('db_rows', $tpl_db_rows);
$tpl->display('smarty2.html');
?>
<?php
// by MoreWindows( http://www.zhishiwu.com )
header("Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8");
require('../../smart_libs/Smarty.class.php');
require_once('smarty2_head.php');
date_default_timezone_set("PRC");

//mysql_connect
$conn = mysql_connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASS) or die("connect failed" . mysql_error());
mysql_select_db(DB_DATABASENAME, $conn);

//表中记录条数
$sql = sprintf("select count(*) from %s", DB_TABLENAME);
$result = mysql_query($sql, $conn);
if ($result)
{
$dbcount = mysql_fetch_row($result);
$tpl_db_count = $dbcount[0];
}
else
{
die("query failed");
}

//表头
$tpl_db_coltitle = $dbcolarray;

//表中的内容
$tpl_db_rows = array();
$sql = sprintf("select %s from %s", implode(",",$dbcolarray), DB_TABLENAME);
$result = mysql_query($sql, $conn);
while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_ASSOC))//与$row=mysql_fetch_assoc($result)等价
$tpl_db_rows[] = $row;

mysql_free_result($result);
mysql_close($conn);

$tpl = new Smarty;
$tpl->assign('db_count', $tpl_db_count);
$tpl->assign('db_coltitle', $tpl_db_coltitle);
$tpl->assign('db_rows', $tpl_db_rows);
$tpl->display('smarty2.html');
?>
3．smarty2.html文件

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<link href="smarty2.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="../jquery-1.7.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="smarty2.js"></script>
<title>{$smarty.const.DB_TABLENAME}</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>表中有{$db_count}条记录</h1>
<table border="1" align="center" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="2" bordercolor="#ffaaoo">
{foreach $db_coltitle as $col}
    <th>{$col}</th>
{/foreach}
{foreach $db_rows as $dbrow}
    <tr>
    {foreach $dbrow as $k=>$val}
        <td>{$val}</td>
    {/foreach}
    </tr>
{/foreach}
</table>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<link href="smarty2.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="../jquery-1.7.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="smarty2.js"></script>
<title>{$smarty.const.DB_TABLENAME}</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>表中有{$db_count}条记录</h1>
<table border="1" align="center" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="2" bordercolor="#ffaaoo">
{foreach $db_coltitle as $col}
    <th>{$col}</th>
{/foreach}
{foreach $db_rows as $dbrow}
    <tr>
    {foreach $dbrow as $k=>$val}
        <td>{$val}</td>
    {/foreach}
    </tr>
{/foreach}
</table>
</body>
</html>
4．smarty2.js文件

$(document).ready(function()
{
    //用CSS控制奇偶行的颜色
    $("table tr:odd").css("background-color", "#e6e6fa");
    $("table tr:even").css("background-color", "#fff0fa");
});
$(document).ready(function()
{
    //用CSS控制奇偶行的颜色
    $("table tr:odd").css("background-color", "#e6e6fa");
    $("table tr:even").css("background-color", "#fff0fa");
});
5．smarty2.css文件

@charset "utf-8";
h1
{
    color:Red;
    text-align:center;
}
table th
{
    background-color:#7cfc00;
}
@charset "utf-8";
h1
{
color:Red;
text-align:center;
}
table th
{
background-color:#7cfc00;
}
程序运行结果如下：